Scientists uncover reasons why girls are starting periods earlier

In recent years, scientists have noticed that girls in the United States are starting their periods at younger ages compared to the past. This shift is especially seen among minority groups and girls from lower-income families. Researchers are now trying to understand why this is happening and what it means for future health.

A large study using data from the Apple Women’s Health Study looked at over 71,000 participants who shared their age at their first period, their background, and economic status. The research showed that girls born in more recent years are, on average, getting their first period earlier than those from older generations.

It was also found that the time it took for periods to become regular was getting longer with each newer generation. The rates of very early periods—before age 9—were highest among girls born between 2000 and 2005, particularly among racially diverse and low-income groups.

Why Are Girls Starting Their Periods Earlier?

Experts believe several factors are causing this shift. Some of these include:

• Diet and Nutrition: The types of foods children eat today are different from what was common in previous generations, with more processed and high-calorie foods contributing to higher body weight.
• Psychological Stress and Trauma: Experiencing stress or trauma at an early age can affect the body’s development.
• Environmental Factors: Chemicals found in everyday items, like plastics and pollution, may disrupt hormones in the body.
• BMI (Body Mass Index): The most noticeable connection was found between BMI and early menstruation. Higher BMI, linked to childhood obesity, is a major risk factor for starting puberty early.

Why Early Periods Can Be Risky

Starting periods at an early age can lead to several health issues later in life. For example, early periods can increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer, such as breast and ovarian cancer, and heart disease. The reason is that girls who start menstruating earlier are exposed to the hormone estrogen for more years.

Estrogen, while necessary for female development, can also increase the growth of certain cancer cells. Early periods can also lead to a higher chance of fertility problems, like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

What Can Be Done?

Girls and women can take steps to reduce the risks associated with early menstruation:

• Healthy Lifestyle: Eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly can help manage weight.
• Stress Management: Keeping stress levels low and getting enough sleep can support healthy body development.
• Avoiding Harmful Chemicals: Reducing exposure to chemicals found in plastics and some household products can help.

The Role of the Government and Community

To address this problem, more needs to be done at a community and governmental level. Policymakers can support better health by:

• Promoting healthier lifestyle choices in schools and communities.
• Regulating and reducing the use of harmful chemicals in products.
• Funding research to understand environmental and social factors affecting puberty.

Have you noticed any changes in how girls experience their first periods in your community? What steps do you think should be taken to ensure healthier development for children? Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments below. Let’s discuss how we can work together for better health and well-being for all.